{"id":291,"date":"2026-08-31T10:38:23","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T10:38:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/?page_id=291"},"modified":"2026-09-01T04:08:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T04:08:38","slug":"icma-foundation-fblc-categorised-pyq-non-ncert-chapter-1-introduction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/icma-foundation-fblc-categorised-pyq-non-ncert-chapter-1-introduction\/","title":{"rendered":"ICMA Foundation- FBLC- Categorised PYQ- Non-NCERT- Chapter 1- Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"dq-cat\" id=\"dq-cat-2\"\n     data-set=\"2\"\n     data-duration=\"1800\"\n     data-unlimited=\"0\"\n     data-student=\"Student\"\n     data-title=\"ICMA Foundation- FBLC- Categorised PYQ- Non-NCERT- Chapter 1- Introduction\">\n\n    <!-- START SCREEN -->\n    <div class=\"dqc-screen dqc-screen-start\" id=\"dqc-start-2\">\n        <div class=\"dqc-start-card\">\n            <div class=\"dqc-start-icon\">\ud83d\udcda<\/div>\n            <h2 class=\"dqc-exam-title\">ICMA Foundation- FBLC- Categorised PYQ- Non-NCERT- Chapter 1- Introduction<\/h2>\n                        <p class=\"dqc-start-subject\">Fundamentals of Business Laws and Business Communication<\/p>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-start-meta\">\n                <div class=\"dqc-meta-item\">\n                    <span class=\"dqc-meta-icon\">\u2753<\/span>\n                    <span>28 Questions<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-meta-item\">\n                    <span class=\"dqc-meta-icon\">\ud83d\udcc5<\/span>\n                    <span>Dec 2023, Dec 2024, Dec 2025, June 2024, June 2025, June 2026<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n                                            <\/div>\n            <button class=\"dqc-btn dqc-btn-start\" onclick=\"DQCategorized.start(2)\">\n                Start Test\n                <svg width=\"20\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><polyline points=\"9 18 15 12 9 6\"\/><\/svg>\n            <\/button>\n            <p class=\"dqc-start-note\">\ud83d\udccc Answers are locked once submitted \u2014 results and explanations appear at the end.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- QUIZ SCREEN -->\n    <div class=\"dqc-screen dqc-screen-quiz\" id=\"dqc-quiz-2\" style=\"display:none\">\n\n        <!-- Header bar -->\n        <div class=\"dqc-quiz-header\">\n            <div class=\"dqc-quiz-info\">\n                <div class=\"dqc-quiz-name-row\">\n                    <span class=\"dqc-exam-name\">ICMA Foundation- FBLC- Categorised PYQ- Non-NCERT- Chapter 1- Introduction<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n                <div class=\"dqc-progress-wrap\">\n                    <div class=\"dqc-progress-bar\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-progress-fill\" id=\"dqc-progress-2\"><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <span class=\"dqc-progress-label\" id=\"dqc-prog-label-2\">1 \/ 28<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <!-- Questions (single column, full width \u2014 palette is fixed sidebar) -->\n        <div class=\"dqc-question-area\" id=\"dqc-panel-2\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-29\" data-qid=\"29\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"0\"\n                 data-docnum=\"1\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 1 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">What are the sources of law? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Constitution of India<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Constitution of India, judicial precedents, customary law, statutes and ordinance<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Statutes enacted by the Parliament of India and State Legislature<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Religion<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-30\" data-qid=\"30\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"1\"\n                 data-docnum=\"2\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 2 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">What kind of structure does the Indian Constitution have? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Unitary<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Federal<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Autocracy<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Totalitarian<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-31\" data-qid=\"31\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"2\"\n                 data-docnum=\"3\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 3 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Under which Article can we amend the provisions of the Constitution of India? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 356<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 368<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 254<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 245<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-32\" data-qid=\"32\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"3\"\n                 data-docnum=\"4\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 4 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Mention the number of Judges in the Supreme Court of India including Chief Justice of India currently. [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">32<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">23<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">34<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">46<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-33\" data-qid=\"33\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"4\"\n                 data-docnum=\"5\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 5 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Which is the highest civil court in a district? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Session Court<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Supreme Court of India<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">District Court<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">High Court<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-34\" data-qid=\"34\"\n                 data-correct=\"A\"\n                 data-index=\"5\"\n                 data-docnum=\"6\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 6 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">The decision of any High Court shall prevail over [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Subordinate courts under the High Court.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Union territories.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">All state High Courts.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Throughout India.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-35\" data-qid=\"35\"\n                 data-correct=\"D\"\n                 data-index=\"6\"\n                 data-docnum=\"7\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 7 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Which among the following is a quasi judicial body? [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">District court<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Sessions court<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">High court<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">District Consumer Forum<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-36\" data-qid=\"36\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"7\"\n                 data-docnum=\"8\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 8 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Functions of the Parliament is to [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Execute laws.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Give justice to people.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Make laws.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Give punishment.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-37\" data-qid=\"37\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"8\"\n                 data-docnum=\"9\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 9 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">A Bill becomes an Act on assent of [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Prime Minister<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Cabinet Committee<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">President of India<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Solicitor General<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-38\" data-qid=\"38\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"9\"\n                 data-docnum=\"10\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 10 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">What is a Private Bill? [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Bill introduced by a private citizen.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Bill introduced by a private company.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">A Bill introduced by a member other than a minister.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">A Bill relating affairs which are private to individual.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-39\" data-qid=\"39\"\n                 data-correct=\"D\"\n                 data-index=\"10\"\n                 data-docnum=\"11\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 11 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Which among the following is not a source of law? [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Custom<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Precedent<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Practice<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Opinion of lawyers<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-40\" data-qid=\"40\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"11\"\n                 data-docnum=\"12\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 12 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">In Indian Parliament, House of the people is called [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Council of ministers<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Lok Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Rajya Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Legislature<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-41\" data-qid=\"41\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"12\"\n                 data-docnum=\"13\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 13 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">The subjects on which law can be made by both Central and State is called [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Union list<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Concurrent<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Formal<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">One sided<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-42\" data-qid=\"42\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"13\"\n                 data-docnum=\"14\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 14 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">A Bill introduced by any Member of Parliament, is called [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Govt bill<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Treasury<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Private members bill<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">None of the above<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-43\" data-qid=\"43\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"14\"\n                 data-docnum=\"15\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 15 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Writ petition can be made in High Court under which Article of the Constitution? [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">225<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">226<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">227<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">228<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-44\" data-qid=\"44\"\n                 data-correct=\"A\"\n                 data-index=\"15\"\n                 data-docnum=\"16\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 16 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Money Bill is introduced in which House of the Parliament? [PYQ June 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Council of People-Lok Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Councils of States - Rajya Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Both the houses<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">None of the Houses<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-45\" data-qid=\"45\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"16\"\n                 data-docnum=\"17\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 17 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">What are Personal Laws? [PYQ June 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Laws relating to inter-personal behaviour.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Customs (religious beliefs) that have now been codified.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Laws that a person makes.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Laws based on opinion.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-46\" data-qid=\"46\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"17\"\n                 data-docnum=\"18\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 18 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Secondary\/Subordinate legislation can not go beyond (PYQ June 2024, June 2026)<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The ambit of the Act.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The ambit of the Act or the Constitution of India.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The Constitution of India.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Directive principles of State policy.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-47\" data-qid=\"47\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"18\"\n                 data-docnum=\"19\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 19 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">State which of the following statements is true: [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">There is no punishment for Contempt of Court.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Case Laws are judicial precedents.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Any elected members can pass an ordinance.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The study of Indian Legal History can primarily be divided into three periods.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-48\" data-qid=\"48\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"19\"\n                 data-docnum=\"20\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 20 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Municipalities are provided for authority under which part of the Constitution of India? [PYQ June 2024]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part IX<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part IX A<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part III<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part I<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-49\" data-qid=\"49\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"20\"\n                 data-docnum=\"21\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 21 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Which Articles of the Constitution of India have the power to entertain petitions of violation of Fundamental Rights? [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 32<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 226<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 226 and Article 32<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 356<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-50\" data-qid=\"50\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"21\"\n                 data-docnum=\"22\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 22 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">In case of Hindu and Muslim family business, which Law prevail to divide there family properties? [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Legal Laws<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Government Laws<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Their own Laws<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">None of the above<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-51\" data-qid=\"51\"\n                 data-correct=\"D\"\n                 data-index=\"22\"\n                 data-docnum=\"23\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 23 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">A Bench of three judges in a High Court is called [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Smallest Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Division Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Triangular Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Full Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-52\" data-qid=\"52\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"23\"\n                 data-docnum=\"24\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 24 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">The decision given by Supreme Court are recorded in [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">AIR<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">SCC<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">AIR and SCC<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">ITR<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-53\" data-qid=\"53\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"24\"\n                 data-docnum=\"25\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 25 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Why is India referred to as a &quot;quasi-federal&quot; State? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because it has no Central government at all.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because it is a country that refuses to follow any federal rules.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because it is a federation that possesses a strong central machinery.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because the State governments have more power than the Central government.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-54\" data-qid=\"54\"\n                 data-correct=\"A\"\n                 data-index=\"25\"\n                 data-docnum=\"26\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 26 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Which of the following is one of the most important roles of the Indian judiciary? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To act as a watchdog of democracy and guardian of the Constitution.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To make new laws for the country every day.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To manage the election process of the Prime Minister.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To only look after the administration of big cities.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-55\" data-qid=\"55\"\n                 data-correct=\"C\"\n                 data-index=\"26\"\n                 data-docnum=\"27\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 27 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">Which one of the following Acts assigns conciliators the responsibility to mediate and settle industrial disputes and prescribes the procedure to be followed in great detail? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Companies Act, 2013<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Industrial Disputes Act, 1947<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-q\" id=\"dqc-q-56\" data-qid=\"56\"\n                 data-correct=\"B\"\n                 data-index=\"27\"\n                 data-docnum=\"28\"\n                 data-topic=\"\"\n                 style=\"display:none\">\n\n                <p class=\"dqc-qlabel\">QUESTION 28 OF 28<\/p>\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\">What are the specific benefits of using &quot;delegated legislation&quot; in a modern welfare state? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts\">\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"A\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It makes the law-making process much slower and more difficult.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"B\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It allows for flexibility, speed and the opportunity for experimentation.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"C\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It prevents the executive branch from having any power.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                        <button type=\"button\" class=\"dqc-opt\"\n                            data-label=\"D\"\n                            onclick=\"DQCategorized.pick(2, this)\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It forces the legislature to spend more time on every small detail.<\/span>\n                    <\/button>\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n\n    <\/div><!-- \/dqc-screen-quiz -->\n\n    <!-- RESULT SCREEN -->\n    <div class=\"dqc-screen dqc-screen-result\" id=\"dqc-result-2\" style=\"display:none\">\n        <div class=\"dqc-result-card\">\n            <div class=\"dqc-result-emoji\" id=\"dqc-result-emoji-2\">\ud83c\udfc6<\/div>\n            <h2 class=\"dqc-result-title\" id=\"dqc-result-title-2\">Test Complete!<\/h2>\n            <div class=\"dqc-result-ring\" id=\"dqc-result-ring-2\">\n                <svg viewBox=\"0 0 120 120\">\n                    <circle cx=\"60\" cy=\"60\" r=\"50\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#e9d5ff\" stroke-width=\"10\"\/>\n                    <circle cx=\"60\" cy=\"60\" r=\"50\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#6366f1\" stroke-width=\"10\"\n                            stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-dasharray=\"314\"\n                            stroke-dashoffset=\"314\" id=\"dqc-ring-fill-2\"\n                            transform=\"rotate(-90 60 60)\" style=\"transition:stroke-dashoffset 1.2s ease\"\/>\n                <\/svg>\n                <div class=\"dqc-ring-text\">\n                    <span class=\"dqc-ring-pct\" id=\"dqc-ring-pct-2\">0%<\/span>\n                    <span class=\"dqc-ring-sub\">Score<\/span>\n                <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"dqc-result-stats\">\n                <div class=\"dqc-stat\"><span class=\"dqc-stat-val\" id=\"dqc-stat-correct-2\">0<\/span><span class=\"dqc-stat-lbl\">Correct<\/span><\/div>\n                <div class=\"dqc-stat\"><span class=\"dqc-stat-val\" id=\"dqc-stat-wrong-2\">0<\/span><span class=\"dqc-stat-lbl\">Incorrect<\/span><\/div>\n                <div class=\"dqc-stat\"><span class=\"dqc-stat-val\" id=\"dqc-stat-skipped-2\">0<\/span><span class=\"dqc-stat-lbl\">Skipped<\/span><\/div>\n                <div class=\"dqc-stat\"><span class=\"dqc-stat-val\" id=\"dqc-stat-total-2\">28<\/span><span class=\"dqc-stat-lbl\">Total<\/span><\/div>\n            <\/div>\n            <div class=\"dqc-result-actions\">\n                <button class=\"dqc-btn dqc-btn-outline\" onclick=\"DQCategorized.restart(2)\">\ud83d\udd04 Retake Test<\/button>\n                <button class=\"dqc-btn dqc-btn-primary\" onclick=\"DQCategorized.review(2)\">\ud83d\udcd6 Review Answers<\/button>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n    <!-- REVIEW SCREEN -->\n    <div class=\"dqc-screen dqc-screen-review\" id=\"dqc-review-2\" style=\"display:none\">\n        <div class=\"dqc-review-header\">\n            <h2>Answer Review<\/h2>\n            <button class=\"dqc-btn dqc-btn-outline\" onclick=\"DQCategorized.showResult(2)\">\u2190 Back to Results<\/button>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"dqc-review-list\" id=\"dqc-review-list-2\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-29\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">1<\/span> What are the sources of law? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Constitution of India<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Constitution of India, judicial precedents, customary law, statutes and ordinance<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Statutes enacted by the Parliament of India and State Legislature<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Religion<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Law is a set of rules for society. \u2022 The modern legal system relies on multiple pillars. \u2022 Sources include the Constitution, acts passed by the legislature, court decisions, and recognized customs.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The primary source of law in modern India is the Constitution of India, 1950. However, the legal framework is also shaped by statutes (passed by Parliament\/State Legislature), case laws (judicial precedents), customary law (personal laws), and ordinances\/regulations.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 It is incomplete as it ignores statutes, precedents, and customs. \u2022 Option C \u2192 It is incomplete as it ignores the Constitution and judicial precedents. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Religion influences personal laws but is not the sole source of law.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination Application: \u2192 Eliminate options that restrict the definition to only one aspect of the law. Option B is the most comprehensive and inclusive. Final Logic: \u2192 A legal system is derived from multiple origins, comprehensively listed in B.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Source of Law = CJ-SOC (Constitution, Judicial precedents, Statutes, Ordinances, Customary law).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Sources of Law-Page 3<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-30\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">2<\/span> What kind of structure does the Indian Constitution have? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Unitary<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Federal<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Autocracy<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Totalitarian<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd India has a two-tier government structure. \u2022 Powers are distributed between the Central and State governments. \u2022 Though technically a quasi-federal state, its base structure is federal.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The Indian Constitution provides for a federal structure with a two-tier system (Central Government and State Government). Although it is often referred to as a &quot;quasi-federal&quot; state because of its strong central machinery (unitary bias), its foundational structure remains federal.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 A unitary structure means all power is vested strictly in the central government without independent state powers, which is incorrect for India. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Autocracy is a dictatorship governed by a single individual. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Totalitarian is a dictatorial regime controlling all aspects of life.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Extreme Word Filter Application: \u2192 Options C and D are extreme and historically incorrect for democratic India. Between Unitary and Federal, the division of power makes it Federal. Final Logic: \u2192 India features power-sharing between Union and States, indicating a Federal structure.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd &quot;Fed-eral&quot; means &quot;Fed&quot; by two levels: Union and State.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 7<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-31\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">3<\/span> Under which Article can we amend the provisions of the Constitution of India? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 356<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 368<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 254<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 245<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Article 368 gives Parliament the power to amend the Constitution. \u2022 It provides the procedure for addition, variation, or repeal of any provision. \u2022 It is subject to the &quot;basic structure&quot; doctrine.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Article 368 of the Constitution of India, 1950 states that Parliament may, in exercise of its constituent power, amend by way of addition, variation, or repeal any provision of the Constitution in accordance with the procedure laid down.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Relates to the imposition of President&#039;s Rule in a State. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Relates to the inconsistency between laws made by Parliament and State Legislatures. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Relates to the extent of laws made by Parliament and State Legislatures.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Contextual \/ Tonal Matching Application: \u2192 Only Article 368 is strictly associated with the amendment of the Constitution. Final Logic: \u2192 Article 368 acts as the key for Constitutional amendments.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd A-M-E-N-D is 5 letters. 3+6+8 = 17. 1+7 = 8. (Just remember 368 unlocks the gate to change).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 8<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-32\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">4<\/span> Mention the number of Judges in the Supreme Court of India including Chief Justice of India currently. [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">32<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">23<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">34<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">46<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd The Supreme Court was established on 26th January 1950. \u2022 Initially, it had 8 judges. \u2022 Currently, it has a sanctioned strength of 34 judges.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd As per the latest provisions and textbook data, the Supreme Court of India currently has a sanctioned strength of 34 judges. This includes 33 Judges and 1 Chief Justice of India (CJI).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Incorrect historical figure. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Random number. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Incorrect number, exceeds the sanctioned strength.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Factual Recall Application: \u2192 Standard fact based on the current judicial framework (33+1). Final Logic: \u2192 33 Judges + 1 CJI = 34.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd 3-4 (Three-Four) is the door to the Supreme Court.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legal Methods and Court System in India-Page 9<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-33\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">5<\/span> Which is the highest civil court in a district? [PYQ Dec 2023]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Session Court<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Supreme Court of India<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">District Court<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">High Court<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd District courts are subordinate to the High Court. \u2022 They handle cases at the district level. \u2022 District Judge heads the civil matters.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd At the district level, the judicial system is divided into civil and criminal branches. The District Court (presided over by the District Judge) is the highest civil court in a district, whereas the Sessions Court handles criminal matters.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Sessions Court handles criminal matters, not civil. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Supreme Court is the apex court of the nation. \u2022 Option D \u2192 High Court is the highest court in a State, not a district.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Odd One Out \/ Elimination Application: \u2192 Options B and D are state\/national level. Between A and C, Session is for criminal, District is for civil. Final Logic: \u2192 The District Court holds original civil jurisdiction at the district level.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd &quot;C&quot; in Civil aligns with District &quot;C&quot;ourt. &quot;S&quot; in Sessions aligns with Sin (Criminal).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legal Methods and Court System in India-Page 11<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-34\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">6<\/span> The decision of any High Court shall prevail over [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Subordinate courts under the High Court.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Union territories.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">All state High Courts.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Throughout India.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd High Courts are the apex courts within a State. \u2022 They exercise superintendence over lower courts. \u2022 Their decisions are binding only within their territorial jurisdiction.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Under the Indian judicial hierarchy, the decisions of a High Court act as binding precedents for all District and Subordinate courts within its territorial jurisdiction (the specific State).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option B \u2192 Incorrect, unless the UT falls under its specific territorial jurisdiction. \u2022 Option C \u2192 A High Court&#039;s decision is only persuasive, not binding, on other High Courts. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Only the Supreme Court&#039;s decisions prevail throughout India (Article 141).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Dimensional \/ Unit Analysis (Jurisdictional boundary) Application: \u2192 The scope of a High Court is limited to its state\/subordinate courts. Final Logic: \u2192 A High Court binds the courts below it in the pyramid.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd High Court stands &quot;High&quot; over its &quot;Subordinates&quot;.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legal Methods and Court System in India-Page 10<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-35\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">7<\/span> Which among the following is a quasi judicial body? [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">District court<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Sessions court<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">High court<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">District Consumer Forum<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Quasi-judicial bodies have powers resembling a court of law. \u2022 They are established to resolve specific disputes or technical matters. \u2022 Tribunals and forums fall under this category.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd A quasi-judicial body is a non-judicial body which can interpret law and pass judgments. Tribunals and consumer forums (like the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Forum under the Consumer Protection Act) act as quasi-judicial authorities to provide speedy justice in specific domains outside traditional courts.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 It is a traditional civil court. \u2022 Option B \u2192 It is a traditional criminal court. \u2022 Option C \u2192 It is a traditional constitutional court.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination Application: \u2192 A, B, and C are pure traditional judicial courts. D is a specialized forum. Final Logic: \u2192 Forums and Tribunals are quasi-judicial.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd &quot;Quasi&quot; means &quot;almost&quot; \u2013 Consumer Forums are almost like courts but specialized.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: The Tribunal System in India-Page 12<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-36\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">8<\/span> Functions of the Parliament is to [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Execute laws.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Give justice to people.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Make laws.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Give punishment.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Parliament is the supreme legislative body. \u2022 It formulates statutes. \u2022 The executive implements laws, and the judiciary interprets them.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd In the Indian democratic structure, the Parliament of India is the central legislative body whose primary function is to make laws (legislation) for the country, as outlined under Article 245 of the Constitution.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Executing laws is the function of the Executive (Government). \u2022 Option B \u2192 Giving justice is the function of the Judiciary. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Giving punishment is the role of the Judiciary.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option Grouping Application: \u2192 Associate the three pillars: Legislature = Make laws, Executive = Execute laws, Judiciary = Justice. Final Logic: \u2192 Parliament is the legislature; hence, it makes laws.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Parliament = Law Makers (PM = Parliament Makes).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 7<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-37\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">9<\/span> A Bill becomes an Act on assent of [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Prime Minister<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Cabinet Committee<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">President of India<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Solicitor General<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd A bill must pass through both Houses of Parliament. \u2022 It requires formal approval to become a law. \u2022 The President holds the power to give assent.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The legislative process dictates that after a Bill undergoes readings and is passed by both Houses of Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha), it is submitted to the President of India for their official assent. Upon receiving the President&#039;s signature, the Bill becomes an Act.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 The Prime Minister heads the executive but does not give legal assent to bills. \u2022 Option B \u2192 The Cabinet formulates policies but does not sign bills into acts. \u2022 Option D \u2192 The Solicitor General is a legal advisor to the government.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Contextual Matching Application: \u2192 The President is the final authority in the legislative process. Final Logic: \u2192 Bill + President&#039;s Assent = Act.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd President&#039;s Pen Produces Acts.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 8<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-38\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">10<\/span> What is a Private Bill? [PYQ Dec 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Bill introduced by a private citizen.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Bill introduced by a private company.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">A Bill introduced by a member other than a minister.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">A Bill relating affairs which are private to individual.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Bills can be classified based on who introduces them. \u2022 Ministers introduce Government Bills. \u2022 Non-ministers introduce Private Member&#039;s Bills.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd In the legislative process, if a bill is introduced by a Minister, it is called a Government Bill. If it is introduced by any Member of Parliament who is not a Minister, it is known as a Private Member&#039;s Bill.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Citizens cannot introduce bills in Parliament. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Companies cannot introduce bills. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Bills deal with public governance, not private individual affairs.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Substitution \/ Definition verification Application: \u2192 &quot;Private&quot; in parliamentary language refers to a standard Member of Parliament who does not hold a ministerial portfolio. Final Logic: \u2192 Private Bill = Introduced by an MP who is not a Minister.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Private Member = Ordinary MP (Not a Minister).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 8<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-39\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">11<\/span> Which among the following is not a source of law? [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Custom<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Precedent<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Practice<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Opinion of lawyers<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Sources of law are official origins of legal rules. \u2022 These include Constitution, Statutes, Precedents, and Customs. \u2022 Personal opinions do not carry the force of law.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The recognized sources of law in India are Statutes (enactments by Parliament\/State Legislature), Case Laws (Judicial Precedents), Customary Law, and Ordinances\/Regulations. The mere opinion or advice of lawyers is not legally binding and does not constitute a source of law.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Customs having the force of law are a valid source. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Judicial precedents (stare decisis) are a valid source. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Established practices (usage\/custom) act as sources of law.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination Application: \u2192 An opinion is subjective and lacks sovereign backing. Final Logic: \u2192 Lawyers interpret the law, but their opinions do not create the law.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Opinions are debatable; Laws are enforceable.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Sources of Law-Page 3<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-40\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">12<\/span> In Indian Parliament, House of the people is called [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Council of ministers<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Lok Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Rajya Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Legislature<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd The Parliament consists of two houses. \u2022 Upper House is the Council of States. \u2022 Lower House represents the citizens.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Article 79 of the Constitution of India states that the Parliament for the Union consists of the President and two Houses: the Council of States (Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People (Lok Sabha).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 The Council of Ministers is the executive branch headed by the PM. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Rajya Sabha is the Council of States. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Legislature is the umbrella term for the law-making body.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Direct translation Application: \u2192 &#039;Lok&#039; translates to People, &#039;Sabha&#039; translates to House\/Assembly. Final Logic: \u2192 House of the People = Lok Sabha.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Lok = People.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 7<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-41\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">13<\/span> The subjects on which law can be made by both Central and State is called [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Union list<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Concurrent<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Formal<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">One sided<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Powers to legislate are distributed in the 7th Schedule. \u2022 List I is for the Union. \u2022 List II is for the State. \u2022 List III is shared.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd According to Article 246 read with the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, List III is the Concurrent List. It contains subjects upon which both the Parliament (Central) and the State Legislatures have the power to make laws.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Union list is exclusively for the Central Government. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Irrelevant distractor. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Irrelevant distractor.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Factual Recall Application: \u2192 &quot;Concurrent&quot; implies happening together or shared simultaneously. Final Logic: \u2192 Shared jurisdiction = Concurrent List.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Concurrent = Co-current = Central + State operating together.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 7<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-42\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">14<\/span> A Bill introduced by any Member of Parliament, is called [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Govt bill<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Treasury<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Private members bill<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">None of the above<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Bills introduced by Ministers are Government bills. \u2022 Any other Member of Parliament is considered a private member.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd In the legislative process, if a bill is introduced by a Minister, it is called a Government Bill. Conversely, a bill introduced by any other Member of Parliament (who does not hold a ministerial portfolio) is termed a Private Member&#039;s Bill.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Govt bill is introduced only by a Minister. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Treasury refers to the ruling party&#039;s funds\/benches, not a bill type. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Option C is the accurate answer.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination Application: \u2192 Since &quot;any&quot; Member of Parliament includes those not in the cabinet, it is distinguished from a Government bill. Final Logic: \u2192 Ordinary MP = Private Member&#039;s Bill.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Private Member = Not a public minister.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 8<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-43\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">15<\/span> Writ petition can be made in High Court under which Article of the Constitution? [PYQ Dec 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">225<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">226<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">227<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">228<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd The Constitution provides remedies for the violation of rights. \u2022 Supreme Court uses Article 32. \u2022 High Courts use a different article.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Article 226 of the Constitution of India empowers the High Courts to issue, to any person or authority, directions, orders, or writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights and for any other purpose.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Article 225 deals with the jurisdiction of existing High Courts. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Article 227 grants High Courts the power of superintendence over all courts and tribunals in their territory. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Article 228 deals with the transfer of certain cases to the High Court.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Factual Recall Application: \u2192 Recalling the specific articles for constitutional remedies (32 for SC, 226 for HC). Final Logic: \u2192 HC Writ Jurisdiction = Article 226.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd High Court writes (writs) with 2-2-6.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legal Methods and Court System in India-Page 10<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-44\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">16<\/span> Money Bill is introduced in which House of the Parliament? [PYQ June 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Council of People-Lok Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Councils of States - Rajya Sabha<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Both the houses<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">None of the Houses<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Money Bills deal with taxation, borrowing, and consolidated funds. \u2022 The Constitution restricts their introduction to only one house.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Under Article 109 of the Constitution of India, a Money Bill cannot be introduced in the Council of States (Rajya Sabha). It must originate exclusively in the House of the People (Lok Sabha).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option B \u2192 Rajya Sabha cannot originate Money Bills. \u2022 Option C \u2192 They cannot originate in both houses simultaneously. \u2022 Option D \u2192 They must be introduced in the Lok Sabha.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination based on Constitutional rules Application: \u2192 Only the lower house, representing the public, has original jurisdiction over public money. Final Logic: \u2192 Money Bill = Lok Sabha exclusive.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Public Money goes to the House of the Public (Lok Sabha).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 8<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-45\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">17<\/span> What are Personal Laws? [PYQ June 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Laws relating to inter-personal behaviour.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Customs (religious beliefs) that have now been codified.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Laws that a person makes.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Laws based on opinion.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Personal laws are a specific category of civil law. \u2022 They govern matters like marriage, divorce, and inheritance. \u2022 They are rooted in religious and customary traditions.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Personal laws are primarily based on individual faith, guided by customs and practices that have evolved and often been codified over time (e.g., Hindu Marriage Act, 1955; Muslim Personal Law).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Laws relating to interpersonal behavior fall under general civil or criminal law. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Individuals do not make laws; the state does. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Laws are based on authority and custom, not mere opinion.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Contextual Definition Application: \u2192 In India, &quot;Personal&quot; in law refers to laws tied to a person&#039;s religious community. Final Logic: \u2192 Personal Laws = Customary\/Religious beliefs codified for communities.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Personal = Person&#039;s Faith\/Customs.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Sources of Law-Page 4<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-46\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">18<\/span> Secondary\/Subordinate legislation can not go beyond (PYQ June 2024, June 2026)<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The ambit of the Act.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The ambit of the Act or the Constitution of India.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The Constitution of India.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Directive principles of State policy.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Subordinate legislation is delegated by the legislature to the executive. \u2022 It must strictly follow its parent act. \u2022 Like all laws, it must obey the Constitution.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Subordinate (or secondary) legislation proceeds from an authority other than the sovereign power. It is made within the framework of powers delegated by the legislature. It cannot transgress the ambit (scope) of the parent Act under which it is framed, nor can it violate the fundamental provisions of the Constitution of India. If it does, it is struck down as ultra vires.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 It is incomplete as it ignores the ultimate supremacy of the Constitution. \u2022 Option C \u2192 It is incomplete as it ignores the parent Act which delegates the power. \u2022 Option D \u2192 DPSP are guidelines, not strictly enforceable boundaries like the Act\/Constitution.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination of incomplete answers Application: \u2192 Any delegated rule must obey both its immediate source (the Act) and the supreme source (the Constitution). Final Logic: \u2192 Subordinate legislation \u2264 Parent Act \u2264 Constitution.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Subordinate = Sub (Under) the Act AND the Constitution.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Primary and Subordinate Legislation-Page 20<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-47\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">19<\/span> State which of the following statements is true: [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">There is no punishment for Contempt of Court.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Case Laws are judicial precedents.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Any elected members can pass an ordinance.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">The study of Indian Legal History can primarily be divided into three periods.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Let us evaluate each statement&#039;s factual accuracy based on the introductory chapter. \u2022 Courts of Record have contempt powers. \u2022 Ordinances are passed by specific authorities.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Case laws consist of rulings and interpretations provided by courts. According to Article 141 of the Constitution, the law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts. These judgments set judicial precedents, acting as a source of law. Hence, statement B is true.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 False. The Supreme Court and High Courts are Courts of Record and have the power to punish for contempt under Articles 129 and 215. \u2022 Option C \u2192 False. Ordinances are promulgated by the President (Art. 123) or State Governors (Art. 213), not just any elected member. \u2022 Option D \u2192 False. The study of Indian Legal History is primarily divided into four periods (Ancient, Medieval, British, and Indian\/Post-Independence).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination Application: \u2192 Verify facts line by line. A, C, and D violate basic constitutional and historical facts. Final Logic: \u2192 Precedents = Case Laws.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Cases precede future decisions = Precedents.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Sources of Law-Page 3<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-48\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">20<\/span> Municipalities are provided for authority under which part of the Constitution of India? [PYQ June 2024]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part IX<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part IX A<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part III<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Part I<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd The Constitution delegates power for local governance. \u2022 Panchayats manage rural areas. \u2022 Municipalities manage urban areas.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The Constitution of India provides provisions for the decentralization of governance. Part IX deals with the Panchayat System (rural local governance), while Part IXA specifically grants adequate powers and autonomy to Municipalities (urban local governance).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Part IX deals with the Panchayati Raj system. \u2022 Option C \u2192 Part III deals with Fundamental Rights. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Part I deals with the Union and its Territories.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Factual Recall Application: \u2192 Differentiate between IX (Panchayats) and IXA (Municipalities). Final Logic: \u2192 IXA = Municipalities.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd M comes after P in the alphabet. Part IXA comes after Part IX. (Panchayats = IX, Municipalities = IXA).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Primary and Subordinate Legislation-Page 20<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-49\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">21<\/span> Which Articles of the Constitution of India have the power to entertain petitions of violation of Fundamental Rights? [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 32<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 226<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 226 and Article 32<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Article 356<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Fundamental rights are protected by the judiciary. \u2022 Both the apex court and state apex courts possess writ jurisdictions.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd In cases of violation of Fundamental Rights, individuals can seek constitutional remedies. The Supreme Court can be approached directly under Article 32, and the High Courts can be approached under Article 226. Therefore, both articles confer the power to entertain such petitions.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Only mentions the Supreme Court, ignoring the High Court&#039;s power. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Only mentions the High Court, ignoring the Supreme Court&#039;s power. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Article 356 deals with President&#039;s Rule in states, not fundamental rights.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option Grouping Application: \u2192 Since both SC and HC have writ jurisdictions, the option containing both is correct. Final Logic: \u2192 Article 32 (SC) + Article 226 (HC) = Comprehensive answer.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd 32 for the Center (SC), 226 for the State (HC).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legal Methods and Court System in India-Page 10<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-50\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">22<\/span> In case of Hindu and Muslim family business, which Law prevail to divide there family properties? [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Legal Laws<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Government Laws<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Their own Laws<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">None of the above<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Family matters like marriage, divorce, and property division are governed by specific community rules. \u2022 These are not uniform across all citizens.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd In India, matters pertaining to family business, property division, inheritance, and marriage among specific religious communities are governed by Personal Laws (their own customary laws). For example, Hindu properties are governed by Hindu Law, and Muslim properties by Muslim Law.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A &amp; B \u2192 General &quot;Legal\/Government Laws&quot; do not universally apply to property divisions that are subject to religious personal laws in India. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Incorrect, as option C accurately describes the application of personal\/customary law.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Contextual Matching Application: \u2192 Family property divisions follow religion-specific statutes known as &quot;Personal Laws&quot; or &quot;Their own laws&quot;. Final Logic: \u2192 Family properties = Personal Laws.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Family matters = Personal matters = Personal Laws.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Sources of Law-Page 4<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-51\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">23<\/span> A Bench of three judges in a High Court is called [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Smallest Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Division Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Triangular Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Full Bench<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Court benches are named based on the number of judges sitting. \u2022 One judge = Single Bench. \u2022 Two judges = Division Bench. \u2022 Three or more judges (in HC context) = Full Bench.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd In the judicial system, when a case requires a larger panel of judges to interpret the law, a bench is formed. A bench consisting of two judges is known as a Division Bench. A bench comprising three or more judges in a High Court is referred to as a Full Bench.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 The smallest bench is a Single Judge bench. \u2022 Option B \u2192 A Division Bench consists of exactly two judges. \u2022 Option C \u2192 &quot;Triangular Bench&quot; is a fictional term.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Factual Recall Application: \u2192 Recall the standard terminology: 1=Single, 2=Division, 3=Full. Final Logic: \u2192 3 Judges = Full Bench.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Three is a crowd, making the bench &quot;Full&quot;.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legal Methods and Court System in India-Page 27 (Exercise Q34 logic)<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-52\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">24<\/span> The decision given by Supreme Court are recorded in [PYQ June 2025]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">AIR<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">SCC<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">AIR and SCC<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">ITR<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Court judgments are published in official law reporters. \u2022 These journals act as references for &quot;precedents&quot;.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The judgments and decisions given by the Supreme Court of India, which serve as binding precedents (Article 141), are officially documented and reported in prominent legal journals such as the All India Reporter (AIR) and Supreme Court Cases (SCC).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Incomplete, as SCC is also a primary reporter. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Incomplete, as AIR is also a primary reporter. \u2022 Option D \u2192 ITR (Income Tax Reports) records only specific tax-related judgments, not general SC decisions.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option Grouping Application: \u2192 Because both AIR and SCC are standard reporters, the combination option is the most accurate. Final Logic: \u2192 AIR + SCC = Supreme Court records.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Air in the Supreme Court (AIR &amp; SCC).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Exercise section-Page 32<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-53\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">25<\/span> Why is India referred to as a &quot;quasi-federal&quot; State? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because it has no Central government at all.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because it is a country that refuses to follow any federal rules.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because it is a federation that possesses a strong central machinery.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Because the State governments have more power than the Central government.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd India&#039;s constitution divides power between Center and States (Federal). \u2022 However, in emergencies and certain legislations, the Center overrides the states.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The structure of the Indian polity is federal (two-tier structure). However, due to several unitary features where the central government is granted overriding powers (like the appointment of Governors, emergency provisions, etc.), India is defined as a federation with a unitary bias, or a &quot;quasi-federal&quot; state possessing a strong central machinery.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 Factually incorrect; India has a strong Central government. \u2022 Option B \u2192 Incorrect; India explicitly follows federal division of powers in Schedule 7. \u2022 Option D \u2192 Incorrect; the Central government actually holds more overarching powers than the State governments.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Elimination Application: \u2192 Reject answers that contradict basic constitutional structure (A, B, D). Final Logic: \u2192 Quasi-federal = Federal base + Unitary bias (Strong center).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Quasi-Federal = Almost Federal (because the Center is too strong).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legislative Process in India-Page 7<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-54\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">26<\/span> Which of the following is one of the most important roles of the Indian judiciary? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To act as a watchdog of democracy and guardian of the Constitution.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To make new laws for the country every day.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To manage the election process of the Prime Minister.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">To only look after the administration of big cities.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Judiciary interprets the law and protects fundamental rights. \u2022 It ensures that the legislature and executive do not overstep their boundaries.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The Indian judiciary acts as an institution of last resort. It acts as the guardian of the Constitution by exercising the power of judicial review to strike down unconstitutional laws, thereby acting as a watchdog of democracy and ensuring the protection of fundamental rights.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option B \u2192 Law-making is the primary role of the Legislature (Parliament), not the Judiciary. \u2022 Option C \u2192 The election process is managed by the Election Commission of India. \u2022 Option D \u2192 The judiciary looks after legal disputes across the entire territory, not just the administration of cities (which is the executive&#039;s job).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Contextual \/ Tonal Matching Application: \u2192 Identify the constitutional mandate of the three pillars. Judiciary = Guardian\/Watchdog. Final Logic: \u2192 Courts protect the constitution and democracy.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Judges Guard Justice (Guardian).<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Legal Methods and Court System in India-Page 9<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-55\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">27<\/span> Which one of the following Acts assigns conciliators the responsibility to mediate and settle industrial disputes and prescribes the procedure to be followed in great detail? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Companies Act, 2013<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Industrial Disputes Act, 1947<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, 2006<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Statutes prescribe Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms. \u2022 Specific acts target specific sectors (e.g., corporate, labor, retail). \u2022 Conciliators mediating labor\/industry issues are governed by a specific 1947 act.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Section 4 of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 specifically assigns conciliators the responsibility to mediate and settle industrial disputes and prescribes the procedure to be followed in great detail, making mediation a compulsory prerequisite before further litigation.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 It is a general act governing overall arbitration and conciliation, not specifically targeted at &quot;industrial&quot; disputes procedure. \u2022 Option B \u2192 The Companies Act deals with corporate governance and disputes (referring to NCLT). \u2022 Option D \u2192 MSMED Act deals with disputes related to micro, small, and medium enterprises.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Contextual Matching Application: \u2192 Match the keyword &quot;industrial disputes&quot; in the question to the &quot;Industrial Disputes Act&quot; in the options. Final Logic: \u2192 Industrial disputes mediation is handled by the Industrial Disputes Act.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Industrial Disputes = Industrial Disputes Act.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)-Page 14<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-rev-q\" id=\"dqc-rev-q-56\">\n                <p class=\"dqc-qtext\"><span class=\"dqc-qnum\">28<\/span> What are the specific benefits of using &quot;delegated legislation&quot; in a modern welfare state? [PYQ June 2026]<\/p>\n                <div class=\"dqc-opts dqc-opts-review\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"A\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">A<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It makes the law-making process much slower and more difficult.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"B\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">B<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It allows for flexibility, speed and the opportunity for experimentation.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"C\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">C<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It prevents the executive branch from having any power.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-opt dqc-opt-static\" data-label=\"D\">\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-label\">D<\/span>\n                        <span class=\"dqc-opt-text\">It forces the legislature to spend more time on every small detail.<\/span>\n                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                                <div class=\"dqc-exp-wrap\">\n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-short\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83d\udca1 Short Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Parliament lacks the time and technical expertise to draft every minor rule. \u2022 They pass a parent act and delegate detailed rule-making to local authorities or executives. \u2022 This ensures rapid action during changing circumstances.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-correct\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2705 Correct Answer Explanation<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd The Supreme Court observed that legislatures cannot go into matters of detail due to time constraints. Delegated (subordinate) legislation provides flexibility, elasticity, expedition (speed), and the opportunity for experimentation, which are pragmatic necessities for a modern welfare state handling complex daily governance.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-wrong\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\u2753 Why Other Options Are Incorrect<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Option A \u2192 It does the exact opposite; it speeds up the process. \u2022 Option C \u2192 It actually grants power to the executive\/local authorities to frame rules. \u2022 Option D \u2192 It frees up the legislature&#039;s time so they don&#039;t have to focus on minor details.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-strategy\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83c\udfaf Strategy<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd Contextual \/ Tonal Matching Application: \u2192 Subordinate legislation exists specifically to solve the problem of slow and rigid parliamentary processes. Option B is the only positive outcome. Final Logic: \u2192 Delegation = Speed and Flexibility.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-section dqc-exp-memory\">\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-title\">\ud83e\udde0 Memory Trick<\/div>\n                        <div class=\"dqc-exp-body\"><p class=\"dqc-exp-para\">\ufffd\ufffd Delegate to Accelerate.<\/p><\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    \n                    \n                                        <div class=\"dqc-ncert-tag\">\ud83d\udcda Introduction \u2013 Topic: Primary and Subordinate Legislation-Page 19<\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n\n<\/div><!-- .dq-cat -->\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-291","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/291","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=291"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/291\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":340,"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/291\/revisions\/340"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/massgraduates.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=291"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}